Infestations elmintiche (helminthiasis) — the diseases they cause in man the parasitic worms (worms, helminths), which live inside the body.
What is it?
Currently you know about 300 parasitic diseases of man. They are divided on the intestinal and extraintestinal. As is clear from the title, in the first case, the worms and their larvae live in the gut, while the second one — outside of it: in the muscles, lungs, liver, etc. diseases More common because they are considered to be parasites intestinal enterobiasis and ascaridiosi.
Enterobiasis cause small worms-parasitic — ossiuri. Of the length do not exceed 1 cm one end of A worm is usually pointed, and the other — typ. Color ossiuri can vary from yellowish white to almost black. These worms are night: in the dark of a female stick out in the rectum, and from there on the skin around the anus, lay eggs in the folds of the skin, and the same are killed.
The average duration of life in ossiuri — a month and a half.
Ascariasis cause larger worms — a worm. Its length can reach 20 cm Parasitic worm mainly in the small intestine, therefore, to locate their pas-de-calais quite difficult. The life span of a worm — a couple of years.
The infection
Usually infestation by worms occurs through contaminated faeces in the soil. For example, if you do not wash your hands and clean your nails after working with the earth, there are dirty vegetables, fruits, and berries. In addition, an important role in the infected by worms carrying out the flies. I am on their legs and trunk, moving the eggs of the worms on the food. Also, infestation by worms can and in the event of ingestion of water during swimming in the water. Children often become infected by the worms from pets.
What happens?
In the body of an adult of this pseudo-host in the expectation of a triple protective barrier. The first — the enzymes in the oral cavity, and the second — the acid environment of the stomach, the third — the local immune system of the intestine. Unfortunately, in weak conditions of the body, all these obstacles may not work. Then the worms east within the intestine and develop into Mature specimens.
With time the human body is poisoned by waste products of the worms. The patient increases the difficulty, deteriorate, or, on the contrary, it enriches of appetite, and headache. Disturbed functioning of the gastrointestinal system: abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, and vomiting. Can appear anal itching. Increased sensitivity to allergens — also live the turbulent life of worms. The consequences can be very sad — from rashes the first with bronchial asthma. Another negative action of the worms — they undermine the immune system.
That manifests itself?
Signs of parasitic diseases depend on the type and number of worms, and the individual response of the body to the worms. The first symptoms of infection by worms: worsens appetite, vomiting, nausea or salivation, paroxysmal abdominal pain. Constipation alternating with diarrhea, develops fatigue and weakness, sleep disturbances. When infected by worms ossiuri), patients worried about itching in the anus and perineum. Is enriched with the night and at rest. Sometimes it is so strong that the patient wakes up.
Dangerous?
For constipation, severe abdominal pain and swelling in the should immediately seek medical attention. These symptoms may indicate a problem of intestinal obstruction. In the event of major helminthoses develop disorders of the nervous system: long, headache, dizziness, nervous tics. When ascariasis because of the characteristics of migration parasite in the body may occur such a symptom of the presence of worms like colic in a coughing fit. Often signs of worms in human skin changes in the form of various eruptions.
The diagnosis of infestations by helminths
In any suspicion of infestation by worms must go to a specialist, and not to self-medicate. The diagnosis is confirmed by conventional analysis feces the eggs of worms. If in the first analysis cala the eggs of the worms man not detected, but the probability of infection is high, the analysis is repeated several times in a row.
How to treat worms
For the treatment of worms special medication against worms. The choice of the drug from the worms depends on a particular species of helminths recorded on the patient. The doctor will prescribe you the pill, designed to get rid of parasites. The treatment of worms takes place in the house.
Criterion of healing are the repeated negative results of the analysis is a drop in the person of eggs of worms.